Isaac Newton PartB

Isaac Newton was one of the most important scientists in the 17th Century. He was a British scientist in the field of mathematics,

physics and

astronomy .

Early life

Newton was born in England in 1643, where he grew up on a farm. His father died before his birth and his mother remarried when he was only three. So his grandparents took care of him. When he was twelve, his mother pulled him out of school and asked him to work as a farmer. He refused and focused on his studies.

Achievements

When Newton was 18, he studied at Cambridge University and became a

professor of mathematics. In 1665, the

Great Plague, which was a terrible disease and epidemic, spread in England, and Cambridge University had to close down. Newton left Cambridge and spent two years studying and doing experiments at his home. One day, when he was drinking a cup of tea in the garden, he saw an apple fall from a tree. He carried on with the studies and formed the theory of

gravity. Newton was also curious about light. He discovered that white light is made up of colours of the rainbow. In 1668, he invented the reflecting

telescope, which used mirrors to reflect light and form an image.

In 1684, he invented a new type of mathematics which he called "fluxions". Today we call this maths

"calculus" and it is an important type of maths used in advanced engineering and science. In 1687, Newton published a book called "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", in which he described the three laws of

motion and the law of universal gravity.

In 1696, he became the warden of the Royal Mint. He took the duty seriously and tried to get rid of corruption in order to

reform the

currency of England.

Final years

Newton became rich and famous because of his discoveries. However, he did not get married or make many friends. He died in 1727 and was remembered as one of the greatest scientists.

Suggested answers

Job:

a scientist

Date and Place of birth:

Born in 1643 in England

Family and education:

He grew up on a farm.
His father died before his birth and his mother remarried.
His grandparents took care of him.
When he was twelve, his mother wanted him to work as a farmer, but he refused.
When he was eighteen, he studied at Cambridge University.

Achievements as a scientist

in 1665 during the Great Plague:

He formed the theory of gravity.
He discovered that light is made up of colours of the rainbow.

in 1668:

He invented the reflecting telescope.

in 1684:

He invented a new type of mathematics called fluxion.
Today, people call it calculus.
He also invented the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity.

Achievements as the warden of the Royal Mint

He fought against corruption.
He reformed the currency of England.

Final years:

Although he was rich and famous, he did not get married or have many friends. He died in 1727.

Suggested answers

passed the civil service exam at the county level
failed the civil service exam at the national level three times
became an apprentice under his father’s supervision and read a lot of medical books
began to write Ben Cao Gang Mu to provide correct information about herbs
worked as a medical official in the royal court
worked as an assistant president in the Imperial Medical Institute
left the government job shortly and returned to his work as a doctor
travelled extensively to collect information and made reference to about 800 medical books for writing Ben Cao Gang Mu