Read the text about the development of public housing in Hong Kong and answer the questions.

Development of Public Housing in Hong Kong

[1] In as early as the 1920s and 30s, in view of the large number of Mainland Chinese flooded into Hong Kong, resulting in a serious shortage of housing, the government conducted studies in 1923 and 1935 respectively. The corresponding Housing Committee Report proposed that the government should offer land grants at low premium for businessmen to build low-cost housing for the people, thereby improving the inadequate housing problem and the poor living condition issue.

[2] In 1939, the government formally enacted legislations related to town planning and began to lead the town planning work, thereby marking the milestone of Hong Kong’s housing and town planning history.

[3] The first organisation which provided low-rent housing was finally established after World War II. With a donation from the Air Raid Distress Fund of the Lord Mayor of London, a housing authority was founded. In 1952, Sheung Li Uk Estate, the first public estate in Hong Kong was built. Following that, with a huge number of refugees flooding in, a lot of huts were built along the hillside. Later on, several big fires broke out. In order to effectively rehouse the victims, the government built her first wholly-owned government housing – the resettlement buildings in Shek Kip Mei in 1953, which also marked the beginning of the government public housing measures.

[4] In the 1960s, as urban land was becoming increasingly scarce, the government announced the implementation of new town plans, with Kwun Tong and Tsuen Wan being the first generation of new towns or satellite towns. To cope with the prevailing industrial development, public housing estates were built near the industrial areas. In the 1970s, Governor MacLehose announced his Ten-year Housing Programme to use public housing to kick start the community development, so as to establish a self-support community in all aspects.

[5] Public housing provides Hong Kong people with stable accommodations and complements the land planning policies in different periods, which greatly facilitates Hong Kong’s social-economic development.

Adapted from:
https://podcast.rthk.hk/podcast/item.php?pid=1018&eid=73141&year=2016&lang=en-US

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